CodeIgniter Tutorial How To Make Rest API ( Server And Client )

By Sigit Prasetya Nugroho ∙ July 25, 2017 ∙ PHP ∙ 26 Comments

This CodeIgniter tutorial will discuss how to create REST API from both server and client side. CodeIgniter has several libraries that support and easy to create REST APIs application. Currently, REST API becomes a communication method that must be used for web-based applications. CodeIgniter as the simplest PHP framework to create REST API. Consider the following tutorial

REST (REpresentational State Transfer) is a communication method architecture that is often applied in the development of web-based services. REST API is run through the HTTP / HTTPS protocol. REST APIs involve the process of reading certain web pages that generate JSON format. After going through a certain definition process, consumers can access the data presented by the server side.

Read another article: Rest API And HTTP Methods (GET, POST, PUT, DELETE) Using Slim Framework And PHP

The uniqueness of REST is the communication between client and server facilitated by some unique operational types (verbs) and Universal Resource Identifiers (URIs) for each resource. Each verb (GET, POST, PUT, DELETE) has special operational meaning to avoid ambiguity. Okay, we started the CodeIgniter tutorial how to create a REST API with a simple example.

Table of Contents

1 # CodeIgniter Tutorial Creating a Simple REST API Server
2 # CodeIgniter Tutorial Creating a Simple Rest Client using CURL
- 2.1 Thus my article about CodeIgniter Tutorial How To Make Rest API ( Server And Client ) hope useful 🙂

# CodeIgniter Tutorial Creating a Simple REST API Server

Download and Install CodeIgniter

We will skip this section because I’ve covered in the complete CodeIgniter tutorial in the article “Simple CRUD Apps With Codeigniter Tutorial For Beginners.” Please change your project folder as “codeigniterapi” folder.

Creating Database And Table

The database and tables used are still the same as the previous article “pos” database and “m_item” table. To shorten the time, please create a new MySQL database with the name “pos” and copy the following script to create “m_item” table and fill the dummy data.

CREATE TABLE 'm_item' (
  'id_item' varchar(6) NOT NULL,
  'item_name' varchar(100) DEFAULT NULL,
  'note' text,
  'stock' decimal(10,2) DEFAULT '0.00',
  'price' int(14) DEFAULT '0',
  'unit' varchar(4) DEFAULT 'PCS',
  PRIMARY KEY ('id_item'),
  UNIQUE KEY 'unik' ('item_name')
) 
insert  into 'm_item'('id_item','item_name','note','stock','price','unit') values ('PB0001','Razor Blade','best razor blade in the world',9.00,12000,'PCS');
insert  into 'm_item'('id_item','item_name','note','stock','price','unit') values ('PB0002','Muscle Face','for build body',10.00,50000,'PCS');

CREATE TABLE 'm_item' (

'id_item' varchar(6) NOT NULL,

'item_name' varchar(100) DEFAULT NULL,

'note' text,

'stock' decimal(10,2) DEFAULT '0.00',

'price' int(14) DEFAULT '0',

'unit' varchar(4) DEFAULT 'PCS',

PRIMARY KEY ('id_item'),

UNIQUE KEY 'unik' ('item_name')

)

insert into 'm_item'('id_item','item_name','note','stock','price','unit') values ('PB0001','Razor Blade','best razor blade in the world',9.00,12000,'PCS');

insert into 'm_item'('id_item','item_name','note','stock','price','unit') values ('PB0002','Muscle Face','for build body',10.00,50000,'PCS');

Installing the CodeIgniter Restserver Library

Please download the library codeigniter-restserver
Copy the “application/libraries/Format.php” and “application/libraries/REST_Controller.php” files into your “application/libraries/” folder. Copy the rest.php from “application/config/rest.php” and paste in your application’s configuration folder.
Copy the language’s folder into application’s folder

Create a web service to handle request data from “m_item” table.

To make the request handling using the codeigniter-restserver library is quite easy, we just need to add an “index_” prefix to the function for each request header. The basic use of the following code:

class Books extends REST_Controller
{
  public function index_get()
  {
    // Display all books
  }
  public function index_post()
  {
    // Create a new book
  }
}

class Books extends REST_Controller

{

public function index_get()

{

// Display all books

}

public function index_post()

{

// Create a new book

}

Create a controller named Api.php which is the resource of the web service that will handle the data management request from the m_item table. Please copy the following script:

<?php
require APPPATH . '/libraries/REST_Controller.php';
class api extends REST_Controller {

	function __construct($config = 'rest') {
		parent::__construct($config);
	} 

	function index_get() {
		$id = $this->get('id');
		if ($id == '') {
			$product = $this->db->get('m_item')->result();
		} else {
			$this->db->where('id_item', $id);
			$product = $this->db->get('m_item')->result();
		}
		$this->response($product, 200);
	}

	function index_post() {
		$data = array(
			'id_item' => $this->input->post('item_id'),
			'item_name' => $this->input->post('item_name'),
			'note' => $this->input->post('item_note'),
			'stock' => $this->input->post('item_stock'),
			'price' => $this->input->post('item_price'),
			'unit' => $this->input->post('item_unit')
			);
		$insert = $this->db->insert('m_item', $data);
		if ($insert) {
			$this->response($data, 200);
		} else {
			$this->response(array('status' => 'fail', 502));
		}
	}

	function index_put() {
		$id = $this->put('item_id');
		$data = array(
			'item_name' => $this->put('item_name'),
			'note' => $this->put('note'),
			'stock' => $this->put('stock'),
			'price' => $this->put('price'),
			'unit' => $this->put('unit')
			);
		$this->db->where('id_item', $id);
		$update = $this->db->update('m_item', $data);
		if ($update) {
			$this->response($data, 200);
		} else {
			$this->response(array('status' => 'fail', 502));
		}
	}

	function index_delete() {
		$id = $this->delete('item_id');
		$this->db->where('id_item', $id);
		$delete = $this->db->delete('m_item');
		if ($delete) {
			$this->response(array('status' => 'success'), 201);
		} else {
			$this->response(array('status' => 'fail', 502));
		}
	}
}

<?php

require APPPATH . '/libraries/REST_Controller.php';

class api extends REST_Controller {

function __construct($config = 'rest') {

parent::__construct($config);

}

function index_get() {

$id = $this->get('id');

if ($id == '') {

$product = $this->db->get('m_item')->result();

} else {

$this->db->where('id_item', $id);

$product = $this->db->get('m_item')->result();

}

$this->response($product, 200);

}

function index_post() {

$data = array(

'id_item' => $this->input->post('item_id'),

'item_name' => $this->input->post('item_name'),

'note' => $this->input->post('item_note'),

'stock' => $this->input->post('item_stock'),

'price' => $this->input->post('item_price'),

'unit' => $this->input->post('item_unit')

);

$insert = $this->db->insert('m_item', $data);

if ($insert) {

$this->response($data, 200);

} else {

$this->response(array('status' => 'fail', 502));

}

function index_put() {

$id = $this->put('item_id');

$data = array(

'item_name' => $this->put('item_name'),

'note' => $this->put('note'),

'stock' => $this->put('stock'),

'price' => $this->put('price'),

'unit' => $this->put('unit')

);

$this->db->where('id_item', $id);

$update = $this->db->update('m_item', $data);

if ($update) {

$this->response($data, 200);

} else {

$this->response(array('status' => 'fail', 502));

}

function index_delete() {

$id = $this->delete('item_id');

$this->db->where('id_item', $id);

$delete = $this->db->delete('m_item');

if ($delete) {

$this->response(array('status' => 'success'), 201);

} else {

$this->response(array('status' => 'fail', 502));

}

Testing REST API CodeIgniter using Postman Plugin

To test the script we have created above, you can use POSTMAN plugin on chrome browser or Firefox. In my tutorial using chrome browser, Please install POSTMAN.

The first test is to make a request to the server to display all data from “m_item” table with GET method like the following picture

The second test is to request on the server to save new data to “m_item” table with POST method. Please follow the following picture

The third test is to request to the server to update the data table “m_item” with PUT method as shown below

The fourth test is to request on the server to delete data on “m_item” table with DELETE method as shown below

Until this step, CodeIgniter Tutorial to create a simple API server has been completed; the next step will explain how to access the API from the client side

# CodeIgniter Tutorial Creating a Simple Rest Client using CURL

To be able to access the server API that we created earlier. Surely we must learn to create a Rest Client to access the API. Here’s the tutorial

Note: for the REST Client project is continuing the example project previously made in the article “Simple CRUD Apps With Codeigniter Tutorial For Beginners” please download project first.

1. Create a new CodeIgniter library to access the API server with the name Restclient.php in the folder “mycodeigniter/application/libraries/Restclient.php”. Copy the following script:

<?php 
defined('BASEPATH') OR exit('No direct script access allowed');

class Restclient{
      var $API ="";
      function __construct() {
        $this->API="http://localhost/codeigniterapi/index.php/api";
      }

      function get($param = null)
      {
          if($param == null)
          {

              $curl_handle = curl_init();
              curl_setopt($curl_handle, CURLOPT_URL, $this->API);
              curl_setopt($curl_handle, CURLOPT_RETURNTRANSFER, 1);
              $buffer = curl_exec($curl_handle);
              return $buffer;
          }else{
             $params = '?';
              foreach ($param as $key => $value){
                 $params .= $key.'='.$value.'&';
             }
             $curl_handle = curl_init();
             curl_setopt($curl_handle, CURLOPT_URL, $this->API.$params);
             curl_setopt($curl_handle, CURLOPT_RETURNTRANSFER, 1);
             $buffer = curl_exec($curl_handle);
             return $buffer;
         }
     }

     function post($array)
     {
          $curl_handle = curl_init();
          curl_setopt($curl_handle, CURLOPT_URL, $this->API);
          curl_setopt($curl_handle, CURLOPT_RETURNTRANSFER, 1);
          curl_setopt($curl_handle, CURLOPT_POST, 1);
          curl_setopt($curl_handle, CURLOPT_POSTFIELDS, $array);
          $buffer = curl_exec($curl_handle);
          return $buffer;
      }

      function put($array)
      {
           $curl_handle = curl_init();
           curl_setopt($curl_handle, CURLOPT_URL, $this->API);
           curl_setopt($curl_handle, CURLOPT_RETURNTRANSFER, 1);
           curl_setopt($curl_handle, CURLOPT_POSTFIELDS, http_build_query($array));
           curl_setopt($curl_handle, CURLOPT_CUSTOMREQUEST, "PUT");
           $buffer = curl_exec($curl_handle);
           return $buffer;
      }

      function delete($id)
      {
         $array = array("item_id" => $id);
         $curl_handle = curl_init();
         curl_setopt($curl_handle, CURLOPT_URL, $this->API);
         curl_setopt($curl_handle, CURLOPT_RETURNTRANSFER, 1);
         curl_setopt($curl_handle, CURLOPT_POSTFIELDS, http_build_query($array));
         curl_setopt($curl_handle, CURLOPT_CUSTOMREQUEST, "DELETE");
         $buffer = curl_exec($curl_handle);
         return $buffer;
      }
}

<?php

defined('BASEPATH') OR exit('No direct script access allowed');

class Restclient{

var $API ="";

function __construct() {

$this->API="http://localhost/codeigniterapi/index.php/api";

}

function get($param = null)

{

if($param == null)

{

$curl_handle = curl_init();

curl_setopt($curl_handle, CURLOPT_URL, $this->API);

curl_setopt($curl_handle, CURLOPT_RETURNTRANSFER, 1);

$buffer = curl_exec($curl_handle);

return $buffer;

}else{

$params = '?';

foreach ($param as $key => $value){

$params .= $key.'='.$value.'&';

}

$curl_handle = curl_init();

curl_setopt($curl_handle, CURLOPT_URL, $this->API.$params);

curl_setopt($curl_handle, CURLOPT_RETURNTRANSFER, 1);

$buffer = curl_exec($curl_handle);

return $buffer;

}

function post($array)

{

$curl_handle = curl_init();

curl_setopt($curl_handle, CURLOPT_URL, $this->API);

curl_setopt($curl_handle, CURLOPT_RETURNTRANSFER, 1);

curl_setopt($curl_handle, CURLOPT_POST, 1);

curl_setopt($curl_handle, CURLOPT_POSTFIELDS, $array);

$buffer = curl_exec($curl_handle);

return $buffer;

}

function put($array)

{

$curl_handle = curl_init();

curl_setopt($curl_handle, CURLOPT_URL, $this->API);

curl_setopt($curl_handle, CURLOPT_RETURNTRANSFER, 1);

curl_setopt($curl_handle, CURLOPT_POSTFIELDS, http_build_query($array));

curl_setopt($curl_handle, CURLOPT_CUSTOMREQUEST, "PUT");

$buffer = curl_exec($curl_handle);

return $buffer;

}

function delete($id)

{

$array = array("item_id" => $id);

$curl_handle = curl_init();

curl_setopt($curl_handle, CURLOPT_URL, $this->API);

curl_setopt($curl_handle, CURLOPT_RETURNTRANSFER, 1);

curl_setopt($curl_handle, CURLOPT_POSTFIELDS, http_build_query($array));

curl_setopt($curl_handle, CURLOPT_CUSTOMREQUEST, "DELETE");

$buffer = curl_exec($curl_handle);

return $buffer;

}

2. Modify the model on product_model.php

<?php 
class Product_model extends CI_Model {

	var $API ="";
	function __construct() {
		parent::__construct();
		$this->API="http://localhost/codeigniterapi/index.php";
	}

	function list_product(){
		return json_decode($this->restclient->get());
	}

	function product($id){
		$params = array('id'=>  $id);
		return json_decode($this->restclient->get($params),true);
	}

	function save($array)
	{
		$this->restclient->post($array);
	}

	function update($array)
	{
		$this->restclient->put($array);
	}

	function delete($id)
	{
		$this->restclient->delete($id);
	}
}
?>

<?php

class Product_model extends CI_Model {

var $API ="";

function __construct() {

parent::__construct();

$this->API="http://localhost/codeigniterapi/index.php";

}

function list_product(){

return json_decode($this->restclient->get());

}

function product($id){

$params = array('id'=> $id);

return json_decode($this->restclient->get($params),true);

}

function save($array)

{

$this->restclient->post($array);

}

function update($array)

{

$this->restclient->put($array);

}

function delete($id)

{

$this->restclient->delete($id);

}

3. Change the Product.php controller

<?php
class Product extends  CI_Controller {
	public function index(){
		$this->load->model('product_model');
		$data['product_list'] = $this->product_model->list_product();
		$data['title'] = "Product";
		$this->load->view('product_list',$data);
	}

	public function add()
	{
		$this->load->view('product_form');
	}

	public function save()
	{
		$array_item = array(
			'item_id' => $this->input->post('item_id'),
			'item_name' => $this->input->post('item_name'),
			'item_note' => $this->input->post('item_note'),
			'item_stock' => $this->input->post('item_stock'),
			'item_price' => $this->input->post('item_price'),
			'item_unit' => $this->input->post('item_unit')
			);
		$this->load->model('product_model');
		$save = $this->product_model->save($array_item);
		if($save)
		{
			$this->session->set_flashdata('hasil','Insert Data Berhasil');
		}else
		{
			$this->session->set_flashdata('hasil','Insert Data Gagal');
		}
		redirect('product');
	}

	public function save_edit()
	{
		$array_item = array(
			'item_id' =>$this->input->post('item_id'),
			'item_name' => $this->input->post('item_name'),
			'note' => $this->input->post('item_note'),
			'stock' => $this->input->post('item_stock'),
			'price' => $this->input->post('item_price'),
			'unit' => $this->input->post('item_unit')
			);
		$this->load->model('product_model');
		$this->product_model->update($array_item);
		redirect('product');
	}

	public function edit(){
		$this->load->model('product_model');
		$data['product'] = $this->product_model->product($this->uri->segment(3))[0];
		$this->load->view('product_edit',$data);
	}

	public function delete()
	{
		$id = $this->uri->segment(3);
		$this->load->model('product_model');
		$this->product_model->delete($id);
		redirect('product');
	}
}

<?php

class Product extends CI_Controller {

public function index(){

$this->load->model('product_model');

$data['product_list'] = $this->product_model->list_product();

$data['title'] = "Product";

$this->load->view('product_list',$data);

}

public function add()

{

$this->load->view('product_form');

}

public function save()

{

$array_item = array(

'item_id' => $this->input->post('item_id'),

'item_name' => $this->input->post('item_name'),

'item_note' => $this->input->post('item_note'),

'item_stock' => $this->input->post('item_stock'),

'item_price' => $this->input->post('item_price'),

'item_unit' => $this->input->post('item_unit')

);

$this->load->model('product_model');

$save = $this->product_model->save($array_item);

if($save)

{

$this->session->set_flashdata('hasil','Insert Data Berhasil');

}else

{

$this->session->set_flashdata('hasil','Insert Data Gagal');

}

redirect('product');

}

public function save_edit()

{

$array_item = array(

'item_id' =>$this->input->post('item_id'),

'item_name' => $this->input->post('item_name'),

'note' => $this->input->post('item_note'),

'stock' => $this->input->post('item_stock'),

'price' => $this->input->post('item_price'),

'unit' => $this->input->post('item_unit')

);

$this->load->model('product_model');

$this->product_model->update($array_item);

redirect('product');

}

public function edit(){

$this->load->model('product_model');

$data['product'] = $this->product_model->product($this->uri->segment(3))[0];

$this->load->view('product_edit',$data);

}

public function delete()

{

$id = $this->uri->segment(3);

$this->load->model('product_model');

$this->product_model->delete($id);

redirect('product');

}

Test these script in your browser http://localhost/mycodeigniter/index.php/product, and the result must be like the following picture

Until this step, CodeIgniter Tutorial REST API SERVER And CLIENT is done. You can download the entire project from the download link below

Thus my article about CodeIgniter Tutorial How To Make Rest API ( Server And Client ) hope useful 🙂

About Sigit Prasetya Nugroho

This site is a personal Blog of Sigit Prasetya Nugroho, a Desktop developer and freelance web developer working in PHP, MySQL, WordPress.

Comments

Helmi says
April 11, 2018 at 3:48 am
Hi,
Nice tutorial and it helps me a lot. Can you guide how to generate API key and put in login in Rest Client to access Rest Server? In short, how to make authentication from Rest Client to Rest Server?
Thank you.
Reply
- Sigit Prasetya Nugroho says
  April 12, 2018 at 1:43 am
  Dear helmi,
  you can implement API key with JWT (Json Web Token)
  read more here https://seegatesite.com/php-json-web-token-tutorial-for-beginners/
  Reply
june says
April 25, 2018 at 2:43 am
got a problem when i test it on POSTMAN error 404
Reply
- Sigit Prasetya Nugroho says
  April 27, 2018 at 1:19 am
  404 is not found..check again your code
  Reply
Alex Lopez says
May 11, 2018 at 4:27 am
Hello I need help:
———————————————–
A PHP Error was encountered
Severity: Parsing Error
Message: syntax error, unexpected ‘[‘
Filename: libraries/REST_Controller.php
Line Number: 165
Backtrace:
———————————————–
libraries/REST_Controller.php…… line 165
protected $methods = [];
Reply
- Sigit Prasetya Nugroho says
  May 15, 2018 at 1:45 am
  Please check your php version 🙂
  Reply
Anu says
June 13, 2018 at 2:34 pm
I am getting this error..
Fatal error: Class ‘Restserver\Libraries\CI_Controller’ not found in C:\Xampp\htdocs\api_testserver\application\libraries\REST_Controller.php on line 22
A PHP Error was encountered
Severity: Error
Message: Class ‘Restserver\Libraries\CI_Controller’ not found
Filename: libraries/REST_Controller.php
Line Number: 22
Backtrace:
Reply
- Sigit Prasetya Nugroho says
  June 16, 2018 at 1:41 am
  Please download all entire project in the bottom of article 🙂
  Reply
varsha says
June 25, 2018 at 12:42 pm
I am also getting this error..
Fatal error: Class ‘Restserver\Libraries\CI_Controller’ not found in C:\Xampp\htdocs\api_testserver\application\libraries\REST_Controller.php on line 22
A PHP Error was encountered
Severity: Error
Message: Class ‘Restserver\Libraries\CI_Controller’ not found
Filename: libraries/REST_Controller.php
Line Number: 22
Backtrace:
Reply
- Sigit Prasetya Nugroho says
  June 25, 2018 at 3:08 pm
  Please download the whole project in the bottom article
  Reply
Ibrahim says
October 15, 2018 at 4:50 am
A PHP Error was encountered
Severity: Error
Message: Class ‘REST_Controller’ not found
Filename: controllers/Api.php
Line Number: 4
Backtrace:
Reply
- Sigit Prasetya Nugroho says
  October 19, 2018 at 2:14 am
  Please download the source code 🙂
  Reply
  - Slice says
    November 5, 2018 at 10:26 am
    Mine also Class ‘REST_Controller’ not found but where is the link to download ..but we did what u said first copy Format.php and REST_Controller.php into app/libaries and then rest.php ect these three steps but we are getting error …What is wrong man
    Reply
    - Sigit Prasetya Nugroho says
      November 6, 2018 at 8:07 am
      https://seegatesite.com/wp-content/uploads/2017/07/codeigniter-tutorial-simple-rest-api-client-project-free-download.zip
      pass : seegatesite.com
      Reply
Saya says
December 12, 2018 at 5:28 pm
I am getting error when I run sql queries.
4 errors were found during analysis.
A symbol name was expected! (near “‘id_item'” at position 27)
At least one column definition was expected. (near “‘id_item'” at position 27)
Unexpected beginning of statement. (near “6” at position 45)
Unrecognized statement type. (near “NOT NULL” at position 48)
heelp me please
Reply
- Sigit Prasetya Nugroho says
  December 13, 2018 at 1:26 am
  your code please 🙂
  Reply
naufal says
January 28, 2019 at 9:04 am
can i make like this?
function index_get($a=”, $b=”){}
and when i call the api, i call like this apisite.com/a/b/
Reply
- Sigit Prasetya Nugroho says
  January 29, 2019 at 4:57 am
  Your question is confusing, Please explain in more detail…
  Reply
kutu says
March 6, 2019 at 10:11 am
hi am trying to run the code but i got this error……Message: Invalid argument supplied for foreach()
Reply
- Sigit Prasetya Nugroho says
  March 18, 2019 at 3:05 am
  i will check ASAP 🙂
  Reply
loncat says
June 2, 2019 at 10:13 am
how search data from external API ?
Reply
- Sigit Prasetya Nugroho says
  June 6, 2019 at 10:57 am
  using curl
  Reply
Loncat says
June 2, 2019 at 11:01 am
I mean search according Product ID
Reply
- Sigit Prasetya Nugroho says
  June 6, 2019 at 10:58 am
  please more specific…
  Reply
anonymous says
June 18, 2019 at 8:51 am
Your code examples are difficult to read due to no tabs in your formatting. I recommend modifying them.
Reply
- Sigit Prasetya Nugroho says
  June 19, 2019 at 3:05 pm
  Thank you for the advice you gave
  Reply

# CodeIgniter Tutorial Creating a Simple REST API Server

Download and Install CodeIgniter

Creating Database And Table

Installing the CodeIgniter Restserver Library

Create a web service to handle request data from “m_item” table.

Testing REST API CodeIgniter using Postman Plugin

# CodeIgniter Tutorial Creating a Simple Rest Client using CURL

Thus my article about CodeIgniter Tutorial How To Make Rest API ( Server And Client ) hope useful 🙂

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